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State Management

Libraries for managing application state

State Management Ratios Over Time

Redux and its successor Redux Toolkit have long been the most widespread state management solutions, but Zustand is gaining ground fast. And since it's also the most popular in terms of user satisfaction, it's fair to say it should be considered the leader in this category.
Jotai
MobX
Recoil
Redux
Redux Toolkit
XState
Zustand
Effector

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Usage:

Proportion of respondents having used an item
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
2023
2024
2025
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%

Number of Items

Many respondents do not use state management tools at all, showing that first-party APIs like useState or useContext can often be sufficient to get the job done.
0%
7%
14%
20%
27%
34%
1
0
1,271
2
1
505
3
2
778
4
3
674
5
4
346
6
5
131
7
6
43
8
7
10
9
8
2
0%
7%
14%
20%
27%
34%
% of survey respondents

Other State Management Libraries

While TanStack Query may be perceive as a data-querying library, the fact that it can also handle state management makes it a great addition to the category.
What other libraries have you used to manage state in your apps?
Freeform
Multiple
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
02
+1
03
-2
+3
05
+4
+7
07
+3
09
-2
-5
11
Other Answers
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents

State Management Pain Points

A good state management solutions must find a precarious balance: too limited, and it won't offer enough power to be adopted. Too complex, and developer experience will suffer.
What pain points have you encountered related to state management?
Freeform
Multiple
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
01
Excessive complexity
02
Excessive boilerplate
+1
03
Excessive Re-rendering
04
Global state management
+1
05
Configuration
+9
06
Synchronization issues
07
Overuse
+10
08
Excessive verbosity
09
10
Other Answers
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
% of question respondents

Recommended Resources

State Management at Scale in React & Next.js
David Khourshid
Microsoft

State Management at Scale in React & Next.js

Solve challenging state management problems and build applications that reliably scale with your team. Recognize anti-patterns and learn complex state optimizations with data normalization, form data, and reducers.
State Modeling in React with XState
David Khourshid
Microsoft

State Modeling in React with XState

XState helps you manage both local and global component states in React. In this course, we'll be learning to model state before we code using state machines and statecharts and then use those in our app to orchestrate complex app logic.
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